The   Physicist Werner Heisenberg (1901-1976) derived the uncertainty principle named after him, which states that the product of the changes in momentum and position of a particle must be greater than Planck's constant/2 pi, meaning that both its position and momentum cannot be known simultaneous with complete accuracy. He invented a matrix mechanics that was a non-commutative algebra of probability amplitudes. For this work he received the Nobel prize in physics in 1932.